by | Apr 20, 2021 | Tax Tips and News
The Internal Revenue Service has issued guidance aimed at employers who claim the employee retention credit (ERC).
The ERC was created by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act), but its terms were changed by subsequent legislation. The changes applying to the first and second quarter of this year are laid out in IRS Notice 2021-23.
The alterations include:
- the increase in the maximum credit amount
- the expansion of the category of employers that may be eligible to claim the credit
- modifications to the gross receipts test
- revisions to the definition of qualified wages
- new limits on the ability of eligible employers to request an advance payment of the credit
The IRS reminds that the ERC is a refundable credit that can be claimed by eligible employers against their share of Social Security tax. That share will equal 70% of the qualified wages the employer paid to employees from Dec. 31, 2020, through June 30, 2021.
Language in the CARES Act—and later modified by the Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2020—sets the limit on qualified wages at “$10,000 per worker per calendar quarter in 2021.” That means the employee retention credit is capped at “$7,000 per employee per quarter,” or “$14,000 total for the first two quarters of 2021.”
Claiming the Employee Retention Credit
The IRS says that small employers can still request an advance on the ERC in 2021, though larger employers cannot. Here’s one way that process can work:
“Small employers may request advance payment of the credit on Form 7200, Advance of Employer Credits Due to COVID-19 after reducing deposits,” the IRS explains. “[Though] some limits and eligibility requirements apply.”
Notice 2021-23 has instructions for calculating and claiming the employee retention credit in Q1 and Q2 of this year. However, guidance for the rest of 2021 is still in the works, so stay tuned for new guidance from the IRS and the Department of the Treasury.
Sources: Claiming the employee retention credit in the first and second calendar quarters 2021; Notice 2021-23.
– Story provided by TaxingSubjects.com
by | Apr 19, 2021 | Tax Tips and News
The nation’s Taxpayer Advocate wants taxpayers to know there’s a downside to having too much of a good thing. In this case, it refers to making excessive or improper claims to qualify for a number of tax credits.
The downside is that the IRS has the ability to ban a taxpayer from claiming any of the credits for two years if the credit was improperly claimed through the taxpayer’s “improper or intentional disregard of rules and regulations.”
If the credit was claimed fraudulently, the ban could last up to 10 years.
Taxpayers penalized with such a ban are prohibited from claiming the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), the Child Tax Credit (CTC), the American Opportunity Tax Credit (AOTC) and the credit for other dependents (ODC) during the ban period.
The Internal Revenue Manual (IRM) lays out the procedures to impose a ban in IRM 4.19.14.7.1, (12-11-2019). 2/10 Year Ban – Correspondence Guidelines for Examination Technicians (CET).
TAS wants taxpayers to avoid a ban
Rules for claiming the refundable credits are similar—but not the same. The Taxpayer Advocate Service says knowing these rules can keep taxpayers out of trouble:
- Allowable EITC and CTC is a function of a taxpayer’s earned income or “modified adjusted gross income” and the number of “qualifying children” in the household.
- A “qualifying child” is a person who, among other things, meets age requirements, bears a specified relationship to the taxpayer, and has the same principal residence as the taxpayer for more than half the year.
- The EITC and CTC age requirements differ, and disabled dependents (regardless of age) may meet the definition of a qualifying child for the EITC, but not for the CTC.
- The amount of allowable AOTC:
- is a function of “modified adjusted gross income” (like the CTC); and
- is only partially refundable (like the CTC but unlike the EITC).
- The ODC is available for certain “dependents” who are not eligible to be claimed for the CTC.
The Taxpayer Advocacy Service says the residency requirement trips up many taxpayers who incorrectly claim a child who does not actually qualify as their dependent.
Here’s a list of documents the IRS says taxpayers could use to verify residency in an audit: What to Do If the IRS Audits Your Claim.
What can taxpayers do if the IRS seeks a ban?
Taxpayers who are faced with a possible ban on these refundable credits still have rights. Let’s say a taxpayer has one or more of the credits disallowed on a 2020 return, and the IRS wants to impose a ban.
The first time the IRS conducts an audit and seeks a ban, they are required to speak to the taxpayer before moving forward. The IRS also must record the manager’s approval of the ban on its Correspondence Examination Automation Support (CEAS) database.
From there, the TAS says there are four basic options available to taxpayer:
- Agree: A taxpayer may agree to the proposed additional assessment and ban.
- Disagree: If a taxpayer does not agree and does not seek a conference with the IRS Independent Office of Appeals (or does not prevail in an Appeals conference), the IRS will issue a statutory notice of deficiency.
- Tax Court: Upon receipt of a statutory notice of deficiency, a taxpayer may seek review of the IRS’s determination to impose additional tax in the United States Tax Court. However, it’s not clear whether the Tax Court has jurisdiction to consider whether the ban was properly imposed. I recommended that Congress clarify the Tax Court’s jurisdiction in ban cases in the 2020 and 2021 National Taxpayer Advocate Annual Report to Congress Purple Books.
- Audit Reconsideration: Once the ban has been imposed, the IRS sends Notice CP 79A, We Denied One or More of the Credits Claimed on Your Tax Return and Applied a Two-Year Ban, reciting that it denied one or more credits claimed on the return and applied a two-year ban. A taxpayer can then ask the IRS for audit reconsideration of the audit findings. (See IRM 4.13.3.17, Audit Reconsiderations EITC 2/10 Year Ban, for those procedures.) In a typical audit reconsideration, the taxpayer believes that the audit resulted in an inappropriate increase in tax liability and requests the IRS to reevaluate the audit findings. Audit reconsideration is an informal process and a highly effective tool for taxpayers and should be considered as an option to resolve the issue. There is no specific time limit for requesting audit reconsideration, but there are deadlines for requesting refunds.
Bans are sometimes launched from shaky ground
In 2019, the Taxpayer Advocate Service published the Annual Report to Congress Research Study. In it, they examined the cases of 3,831 taxpayers who received credit bans as a result of IRS audits of 2016 tax returns. Here are the TAS’s findings:
- 54 percent of the time, the bans lacked the required managerial approval;
- 84 percent of the time, the attached Form 886-A did not explain why the ban was imposed; and
- 61 percent of the time, the IRS did not speak to taxpayers in the sample being audited for the first time before imposing a ban, as required by the IRM.
Lastly, the NTA recommends a public education campaign to ensure taxpayers—and tax professionals—are aware of the rules associated with the credits and how they are reported.
Sources: Erroneously claiming certain refundable tax credits could lead to being banned from claiming the credits; Study of Two-Year Bans on the Earned Income Tax Credit, Child Tax Credit, and American Opportunity Tax Credit.
– Story provided by TaxingSubjects.com
by | Apr 16, 2021 | Tax Tips and News
The Internal Revenue Service continues to send out Economic Impact Payments (EIPs), aimed at helping Americans though these tough economic times. But how can the agency fulfill its mission if the citizens who need the help most—the homeless and the rural poor—don’t have permanent addresses?
The IRS is relying on a team approach to tackle the problem.
People in these under-served groups may be eligible for an EIP—but they can’t be issued a payment when the IRS doesn’t have their information. So, the agency is asking “community groups, employers, and others to share information about Economic Impact Payments and help more eligible people file a tax return so they can receive everything they’re entitled to.”
IRS Commissioner Chuck Retting says his agency is working “directly with groups inside and outside the tax community to get information directly to people experiencing homelessness and other groups to help them receive Economic Impact Payments.”
People can get Economic Impact Payments even if they have little or no income and even if they don’t usually file a tax return. They do, however, need a Social Security Number and cannot be claimed as a dependent by another taxpayer.
IRS wants to fill in the blanks
The IRS says the only way it can get the information it needs to send out an EIP is from a basic 2020 federal tax return. When a return is processed, the IRS can then send stimulus payments to the address of choice selected by the filer.
“Someone experiencing homelessness may list the address of a friend, relative or trusted service provider, such as a shelter, drop-in day center or transitional housing program, on the return filed with the IRS,” the agency explains. “If they are unable to choose direct deposit, a check or debit card for the tax refund and the third Economic Impact Payment can then be mailed to this address.”
In addition to EIP3, the IRS says those without a permanent address can qualify for other tax credits—like the Earned Income Tax Credit—and even EIP1 and EIP2 when filing a 2020 return.
To get their share of those two earlier direct payments, the filer needs to claim the Recovery Rebate Credit. For those who are unfamiliar with the RRC, the IRS has a webpage dedicated to it: Claiming the 2020 Recovery Rebate Credit if you aren’t required to file a tax return.
As for the EITC, the IRS says their EITC Assistant can help homeless workers determine whether they qualify and estimate its value.
Getting a bank account isn’t required
While a bank account isn’t required to receive an Economic Impact Payment, having an account does enable a filer to get their EIP direct deposited.
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) website has details on opening an account online. Other resources with lists of banks and credit unions that can open an account online include:
The IRS also notes that veterans can use the Veterans Benefits Banking Program (VBBP) “for access to financial services at participating banks.”
Filers with a prepaid debit card may also be able to have their refund sent to their card account. Cardholders need to check with the institution that issued the card to find out if the card can be used and to get the routing and account numbers, which could be different from the card number.
Other resources for employers
The IRS issued this latest press release to “help spread the word” to those who could use this financial boost the most. To make it easier for employers to provide employees with information about the Earned Income Tax Credit, they created an outreach material packet that is available on their site: EITC.IRS.gov/Partner-Toolkit/Employers/Employers.
Sources: Those experiencing homelessness can get Economic Impact Payments and other tax benefits; Claiming the Recovery Rebate Credit if you aren’t required to file a tax return
– Story provided by TaxingSubjects.com
by | Apr 14, 2021 | Tax Tips and News
The Internal Revenue Service is once again warning taxpayers who are involved in abusive micro-captive insurance schemes that they need to get out of those arrangements—and quickly.
A new U.S. Tax Court victory has added steam to the latest round of IRS examinations of these arrangements, finding they “are not eligible for the tax benefits claimed.”
IRS wins its day in court
In March, the IRS won its case before the U.S. Tax Court in Caylor Land & Dev. v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 2021-30. The IRS says the case confirmed its other findings that insurance under these micro-captive arrangements doesn’t qualify as insurance for federal tax purposes. This latest case also bolstered how the IRS determines penalties related to accuracy of the scheme’s claims while rejecting the taxpayer’s claim to have relied on tax advice.
IRS Commissioner Chuck Rettig says the new court victory is just more evidence that micro-captive insurance schemes won’t survive the harsh examination of the law. As a result, the IRS advises taxpayers who have been involved in micro-captive insurance arrangements to get out of their arrangement and not report deductions associated with the scheme.
IRS widens its investigations
The IRS isn’t just beefing up its court strategy on this issue; it’s also increasing its investigative forces.
In 2020, the Internal Revenue Service deployed 12 new micro-captive audit teams to ramp up scrutiny of ongoing transactions by micro-captive insurance arrangements. An IRS press release lays out the agency’s game plan for micro-captive insurance schemes.
“The IRS will disallow tax benefits from transactions that are determined to be abusive and may also require domestic captives to include premium payments in income and assert a withholding liability on foreign captives,” the release states. “The IRS will continue to assert penalties, as appropriate, including the strict liability penalty that applies to transactions that lack economic substance.”
Taxpayers on notice for bigger penalties
Back in 2016, the IRS raised the red flag that micro-captive insurance transactions are on the agency’s radar for tax avoidance or tax evasion. Notice 2016-66 lays out a checklist of sorts to alert tax professionals what aspects of these tax structures could lead auditors to determine them to be abusive. These shady tax moves are called “transactions of interest.”
The IRS says it sent letters in 2020 to taxpayers who took part in one of those transactions listed in the Notice. The letters let the taxpayers know that IRS audit activity was about to expand dramatically and gave them the chance to tell the agency if they had gotten out of the arrangement before the audit actually began.
The early responses, the IRS proudly notes, indicate that a lot of the forewarned taxpayers have indeed exited their arrangements.
Sources: IRS urges participants of abusive micro-captive insurance arrangements to exit from arrangements; 12 new audit teams established; Notice 2016–66 Transaction of Interest — Section 831(b) Micro-Captive Transactions
– Story provided by TaxingSubjects.com
by | Apr 13, 2021 | Tax Tips and News
While the deadline for filing federal income taxes has been pushed back to May 15 because of the COVID-19 pandemic, those who file an annual Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR) still face their same April 15, 2021 due date.
FBAR filers who miss the April 15 deadline, however, will get an automatic extension that gives them until October 15 to file. There’s no need to request an extension.
Who has to file an FBAR?
American citizens are required to file an FBAR by the Bank Secrecy Act if they have a financial interest or signature authority in any financial account in a foreign country and the total of their foreign accounts exceeds $10,000 any time during the calendar year.
The IRS says the value threshold means all U.S. residents with foreign financial interests should check if the filing requirement applies to them. This includes U.S. citizens, resident aliens and domestic legal entities, even those with relatively small holdings.
The IRS defines “foreign country” as any area outside the borders of the U.S., Indian lands as defined in the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, and these U.S. possessions:
- Northern Mariana Islands,
- District of Columbia,
- American Samoa,
- Guam,
- Puerto Rico,
- United States Virgin Islands, and
- Trust Territories of the Pacific Islands.
Potential U.S. FBAR filers include individual citizens or residents of the United States, or a domestic legal entity, such as a partnership, corporation, limited liability company, estate or a trust.
The FBAR must be filled electronically, using the BSA E-Filing System website. If a taxpayer is unable to e-file an FBAR they should call the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) at 800-949-2732, or 703-905-3975 if they’re calling from outside the U.S.
Failure to file an FBAR when otherwise required could result in civil and criminal penalties that lead to a fine or even prison time. The IRS says, however, that it will not penalize taxpayers who reported a foreign account properly but filed the FBAR late—provided the agency finds there was reasonable cause for the late submission.
For more information, the IRS suggests the following webpages:
Taxpayers who live outside the U.S. should consult Helpful Tips for Effectively Receiving a Tax Refund for Taxpayers Living Abroad on IRS.gov to help them avoid delays with tax refunds.
Sources: IRS reminds foreign bank and financial account holders the FBAR deadline remains April 15; How to report foreign bank and financial accounts;
– Story provided by TaxingSubjects.com
by | Apr 12, 2021 | Tax Tips and News
The American Rescue Plan Act brought a third round of Economic Impact Payment and plenty of changes to tax credits, including how the agency approaches the Premium Tax Credit (PTC).
The requirement that taxpayers report and repay any excess advance payment of the PTC on their income tax return has been suspended—but only for tax year 2020.
What is the Advance Premium Tax Credit?
The Premium Tax Credit helps Americans pay for health insurance that’s purchased through the Health Insurance Marketplace.
When someone applies for coverage, the Marketplace estimates the amount of the Premium Tax Credit the taxpayer can claim for the year of coverage. The estimate is based on the size of the taxpayer’s family and their projected household income.
Taxpayers can choose how much—if any—of the estimated credit will be paid directly to the insurance company for their premiums. These advance payments of the Premium Tax Credit (APTC) can go to the insurance company, or to the taxpayer.
If the APTC goes to the taxpayer, they are responsible for their monthly insurance premiums and can claim all the PTC allowed when they file their tax return.
Previously, taxpayers with excess APTC would have to file Form 8962, Premium Tax Credit, or enter the amount on Line 2 of Form 1040 or Form 1040-SR, Schedule 2.
The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 puts that requirement on hold for tax year 2020 returns.
The suspension for reporting does not apply, however, to those taxpayers who have net PTC.
Net PTC means the taxpayer’s PTC for 2020 is more than the APTC paid for their health insurance and family members’ coverage for 2020. Net PTC can also happen when the taxpayer was allowed a Premium Tax Credit for 2020, but didn’t get an advance payment.
These taxpayers should report their net PTC using Form 8962 when they file their 2020 tax return. The IRS says some taxpayers may get a notice requesting more information. If they do, taxpayers should respond to that notice immediately.
What if a taxpayer has already filed?
Taxpayers who have excess APTC for 2020 and have already filed don’t have to contact the IRS or file an amended return. The IRS says it “will reduce the excess APTC repayment amount to zero with no further action needed by the taxpayer.”
Those who have already repaid excess advance Premium Tax Credit on their 2020 returns will be reimbursed by the IRS.
Sources: IRS suspends requirement to repay excess advance payments of the 2020 Premium Tax Credit; Fact Sheet 2021-08 – More details about changes for taxpayers who received advance payments of the 2020 Premium Tax Credit;
– Story provided by TaxingSubjects.com
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